Bypass Web Application Firewall protections using encoding techniques, HTTP method manipulation, parameter pollution, and payload obfuscation to deliver SQL injection, XSS, and other attack payloads past WAF detection rules.
Performs systematic security testing of web applications following the OWASP Web Security Testing Guide (WSTG) methodology to identify vulnerabilities in authentication, authorization, input validation, session management, and business logic. The tester uses Burp Suite as the primary interception proxy alongside manual testing techniques to find flaws that automated scanners miss. Activates for requests involving web app pentest, OWASP testing, application security assessment, or web vulnerability testing.
Triage web application vulnerability findings from DAST/SAST scanners using OWASP risk rating methodology to separate true positives from false positives and prioritize remediation.
Execute web cache deception attacks by exploiting path normalization discrepancies between CDN caching layers and origin servers to cache and retrieve sensitive authenticated content.
Exploiting web cache mechanisms to serve malicious content to other users by poisoning cached responses through unkeyed headers and parameters during authorized security tests.
Captures WPA/WPA2 handshakes and performs offline password cracking using aircrack-ng, hashcat, and dictionary attacks during authorized wireless security assessments to evaluate passphrase strength and wireless network security posture.
Execute a wireless network penetration test to assess WiFi security by capturing handshakes, cracking WPA2/WPA3 keys, detecting rogue access points, and testing wireless segmentation using Aircrack-ng and related tools.
Conduct wireless network security assessments using Kismet to detect rogue access points, hidden SSIDs, weak encryption, and unauthorized clients through passive RF monitoring.
Executes structured recovery from a ransomware incident following NIST and CISA frameworks, including environment isolation, forensic evidence preservation, clean infrastructure rebuild, prioritized system restoration from verified backups, credential reset, and validation against re-infection. Covers Active Directory recovery, database restoration, and application stack rebuild in dependency order. Activates for requests involving ransomware recovery, post-encryption restoration, or disaster recovery from ransomware.
This skill provides step-by-step procedures for identifying and remediating Amazon S3 bucket misconfigurations that expose sensitive data to unauthorized access. It covers enabling S3 Block Public Access at account and bucket levels, auditing bucket policies and ACLs, enforcing encryption, configuring access logging, and deploying automated remediation using AWS Config and Lambda.
Securing API Gateway endpoints with AWS WAF by configuring managed rule groups for OWASP Top 10 protection, creating custom rate limiting rules, implementing bot control, setting up IP reputation filtering, and monitoring WAF metrics for security effectiveness.
This skill guides practitioners through hardening AWS Identity and Access Management configurations to enforce least privilege access across cloud accounts. It covers IAM policy scoping, permission boundaries, Access Analyzer integration, and credential rotation strategies to reduce the blast radius of compromised identities.
Securing AWS Lambda execution roles by implementing least-privilege IAM policies, applying permission boundaries, restricting resource-based policies, using IAM Access Analyzer to validate permissions, and enforcing role scoping through SCPs.
Securing container registry images by implementing vulnerability scanning with Trivy and Grype, enforcing image signing with Cosign and Sigstore, configuring registry access controls, and building CI/CD pipelines that prevent deploying unscanned or unsigned images.
Harbor is an open-source container registry that provides security features including vulnerability scanning (integrated Trivy), image signing (Notary/Cosign), RBAC, content trust policies, replicatio
This skill covers hardening and securing process historian servers (OSIsoft PI, Honeywell PHD, GE Proficy, AVEVA Historian) in OT environments. It addresses network placement across Purdue levels, access control for historian interfaces, data replication through DMZ using data diodes or PI-to-PI connectors, SQL injection prevention in historian queries, and integrity protection of process data used for safety analysis, regulatory reporting, and process optimization.
This skill covers implementing secure remote access to OT/ICS environments for operators, engineers, and vendors while preventing unauthorized access that could compromise industrial operations. It addresses jump server architecture, multi-factor authentication, session recording, privileged access management, vendor remote access controls, and compliance with IEC 62443 and NERC CIP-005 remote access requirements.
This skill covers security hardening for serverless compute platforms including AWS Lambda, Azure Functions, and Google Cloud Functions. It addresses least privilege IAM roles, dependency vulnerability scanning, secrets management integration, input validation, function URL authentication, and runtime monitoring to protect against injection attacks, credential theft, and supply chain compromises.
Tests API authentication mechanisms for weaknesses including broken token validation, missing authentication on endpoints, weak password policies, credential stuffing susceptibility, token leakage in URLs or logs, and session management flaws. The tester evaluates JWT implementation, API key handling, OAuth flows, and session token entropy to identify authentication bypasses. Maps to OWASP API2:2023 Broken Authentication. Activates for requests involving API authentication testing, token validation assessment, credential security testing, or API auth bypass.
Tests REST and GraphQL APIs for Broken Object Level Authorization (BOLA/IDOR) vulnerabilities where an authenticated user can access or modify resources belonging to other users by manipulating object identifiers in API requests. The tester intercepts API calls, identifies object ID parameters (numeric IDs, UUIDs, slugs), and systematically replaces them with IDs belonging to other users to determine if the server enforces per-object authorization. This is OWASP API Security Top 10 2023 risk API1. Activates for requests involving BOLA testing, IDOR in APIs, object-level authorization testing, or API access control bypass.
Identifying and exploiting Cross-Origin Resource Sharing misconfigurations that allow unauthorized cross-domain data access and credential theft during security assessments.
Test web application email functionality for SMTP header injection vulnerabilities that allow attackers to inject additional email headers, modify recipients, and abuse contact forms for spam relay.
Test web applications for HTTP Host header injection vulnerabilities to identify password reset poisoning, web cache poisoning, SSRF, and virtual host routing manipulation risks.
Test JWT implementations for critical vulnerabilities including algorithm confusion, none algorithm bypass, kid parameter injection, and weak secret exploitation to achieve authentication bypass and privilege escalation.
